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Objective:To explore the action mechanism of medicinal pair Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix against diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM） based on network pharmacology and<italic> in vivo </italic>animal experiment. Method:The active ingredients and targets of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine （BATMAN-TCM）， and the relevant targets of DCM from the disease database. The common specific targets between the medicinal pair and DCM obtained via comparison were used for constructing the main active ingredients of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix-DCM-target network， followed by protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis of compound-DCM common targets and the screening of important modules using Molecular Complex Detection （MCODE） plugin. The gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis was carried out based on DAVID for exploring the possible molecular mechanisms， which were then subjected to experimental verification. Result:A total of 126 core targets of Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix for treating DCM were screened out based on network pharmacology. As indicated by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis， the above-mentioned key targets might be related to such pathways as inflammatory response， oxidative stress， insulin resistance， and apoptosis. The findings of <italic>in vivo</italic> animal experiments demonstrated that Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix delayed high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury of DCM rats， suggesting that this medicinal pair intervened in the pathological process to a certain extent. Conclusion:Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix alleviates DCM possibly by acting on multiple targets including interleukin-6， vascular endothelial growth factor A， tumor necrosis factor， TP53 gene， and nuclear transcription factor， regulating apoptosis and glucolipid metabolism， and improving oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The research based on network pharmacology and experimental verification has provided new ideas for investigating the pathogenesis of DCM and its clinical treatment.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RASI) and hydrocortisone combination on the murine asthma model and the mechanism.@*METHODS@#BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, blood stasis model group, asthma model group, HSS group, RASI group and RASI+HSS group (=12). Ovalbumin (OVA) was used to replicate mice asthma model and hydrocortisone sodium succinate (HSS) to copy blood stasis model. Effects of RASI, HSS and their combination on hemorheology, anti-asthma (asthmatic behaviors, lung function, lung index and water content in lung tissue) were observed. and anti-asthma mechanisms The expression of relative cytokines, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was detected by ELISA and immunohistochemistry respectively.@*RESULTS@#Eight g/kg RASI, 0.05 g/kg HSS and their combination could significantly relieve asthma behavioral indicators, improve lung function, reduce lung index and water content in lung tissue, decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and inhibit the high expression of HMGB1, TLR4 and NF-κB in lung tissue. The improvement of lung function and the decrease in level of relative cytokines (TNF-α、IL-1βIL-6) were better in RASI+HSS group than those in RASI group and HSS group, and the inhibition of protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB was also too. Combined administration of RASI and hydrocortisone could decrease serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) content and blood viscosity, which were increased induced by hydrocortisone.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Combined administration of RASI and hydrocortisone have obvious anti-asthma effects and one of the mechanisms is to inhibit protein synthetization of HMGB1, TLR4 and NF-κB.The combined administration of RASI and hydrocortisone has stronger improvement of lung function than that of RASI and hydrocortisone alone, and it may be related to the inhibition of TLR4 and NF-κB synthetization. The combined administration of RASI can alleviate abnormal changes of hemorheology induced by hydrocortisone in treatment of asthma.
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Animals , Mice , Anti-Asthmatic Agents , Asthma , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid , Cytokines , Hydrocortisone , Lung , Mice, Inbred BALB C , NF-kappa BABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of the optimized formulas of extracts of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis on the survival status of the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) mice,and on the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),so as to optimize the therapeutic regimen and to explore the therapeutic mechanism.Methods One hundred and five SPF ICR male mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group and 5 Chinese medicine treatment groups (group 1,2,3,4,5 of the optimized formula of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis extracts).The mice in the model group and the 5 treatment groups were intratracheally injected with bleomycin (5 mg/kg) to induce the pulmonary fibrosis model.On day 21,the lung tissues were taken out for the test.Hydroxyproline content was detected by alkaline hydrolysis method,and morphological changes of lung tissues were observed by hematoxylineosin (HE) staining and Mallory's staining methods.The expression levels of TGF-β and VEGF were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The HE staining and Mallory's staining results showed that the pulmonary fibrosis in the 5 treatment groups was relieved as compared with that in the model group,especially in the group 1,and the alveolar structure recovered better.The 21-day overall death rate in the treatment groups were lower than those in the model group,and group 1 and group 5 had the lowest rates,the difference being statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Compared with the model group,the content of hydroxyproline in the lung tissues of the treatment groups were decreased to some degrees,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The expression levels of TGF-β and VEGF in model group were higher than those in normal group,but were deceased in the treatment groups to some degrees,except TGF-β expression in group 5,and the difference was significant(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion When the contents of Radix Astragali water-extract and Radix Angelicae Sinensis alcohol-extract were predominated,the extract formula exerts certain effects on decreasing hydroxyproline content in the lung tissues,inhibiting the expression levels of TGF-β and VEGF,and relieving the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in IPF mice.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical transformation of volatile compounds in sulfur-fumigated Radix Angelicae Sinensis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) and high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HR-TOF/MS) with colorized fuzzy difference (CFD) method was used to investigate the effect of sulfur-fumigation on the volatile components from Radix Angelicae Sinensis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-five compounds that were found in sun-dried samples disappeared in sulfur-fumigated samples. Seventeen volatile components including two sulfur-containing compounds were newly generated for the first time in volatile oils of sulfur-fumigated Radix Angelicae Sinensis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The strategy can be successfully applied to rapidly and holistically discriminate sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Radix Angelicae Sinensis. GC×GC-HR-TOF/MS based CFD is a powerful and feasible approach for the global quality evaluation of Radix Angelicae Sinensis as well as other herbal medicines.</p>
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Color , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Fumigation , Fuzzy Logic , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Methods , Oils, Volatile , Reference Standards , Sulfur , Volatile Organic CompoundsABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effects of Radix Angelicae Sinensis ( RASI) on expression of airway MUC5AC and related inflammatory factors in asthmatic mice with Yin deficiency syndrome.Methods:Injecting ovalbumin ( OVA) to sensitize,inhaling OVA to stimulate,using Thyroxin during late stimulation,the asthmatic mouse with Yin deficiency syndrome was established and evaluated through asthmatic behaviors, lung histopathology, active factors ( IL-13, TNF-αand MUC5AC ) in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and MUC5AC expression in lung tissue.Results: 2,4,8 g/kg RASI could reduce asthmatic behaviors score, relieve pathological changes of lung tissue,reduce the contents of IL-13,TNF-αand MUC5AC in BALF,and depress MUC5AC expression in lung tissue ( P<0.05,0.01).In addition,there was a certain synergy between RASI and dexamethasone ( DXM) on depressing the ex-pression of IL-13 and MUC5AC (P<0.05).Conclusion:RASI has certain anti-asthma effect and one of mechanisms is to regulate the MUC5AC expression through inhibit IL-13 and TNF-α.On the expression of IL-13 and MUC5AC,the compatibility of RASI with glu-cocorticoid has some synergy effect.
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Objective To observe the effects of the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in different proportion on hemodynamic and balance of Th1/Th2 cells of Qi deficiency and blood stasis rat model. Methods Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats were caused by restricted diet, forced swimming and norepinephrine subcutaneous injecting, and treated by compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in different proportion of 5∶1, 3∶1, 1∶1 and 1∶2 for 21 days. The indexes of hemorheology were detected with hemorheological analyser, and the level of IFN-γand IL-4 in serum were tested by ELISA. Results Compared with model group, the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in proportion of 1∶1, 3∶1 and 5∶1 groups reduced the low shear blood viscosity. The spleen index of model group decreased, and compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in 5∶1 proportion group increased spleen index. The level of IL-4 increased and IFN-γ decreased in the serum of model group, the compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in proportion of 3∶1 group increased the level of IFN-γ. Astragalus angelica 5∶1 group decreased the level of IL-4 and increased the level of IFN-γ. Conclusion The compatibility of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis can improve hemorheology, adjust the balance of Th1/Th2 cells of Qi deficiency and blood stasis rats. The effects were better when Radix Astragali’s dosage greater than that of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, and the group of 5∶1 proportion was the best.
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Objective To establish the quality standard of Heluoshugan Tablets. Method Rhizoma curcumae and Radix angelicae sinensis were identified by TLC. The content of Paeoniflorin was determined by HPLC. Result Rhizoma curcumae and Radix angelicae sinensis were identified qualitatively by TLC. The linear range of Paeoniflorin was 0.020 7～0.207 ?g (r=0.999 8). The average recovery was 99.20% (n=5, RSD=0.71%). Conclusion The established standard is suitable for the quality control of Heluoshugan Tablets.
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Objective To ascertain the optimum condition for extracting Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati and Radix angelicae sinensis with alcohol. Method With extract yield and the amount of polydatin as index,the primary factors of affecting the extraction were optimized. Result The optimum extraction condition was as follows:taking 60% alcohol as solvent,the meterials were refluxed and extracted two times with 10 and 8 times volume of alcohol for 1.5 h and 1.0 h,respectively. Conclusion The optimum extraction process provides an experimental basis for industrial production.
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Objective To study the affection of cultivating regions to the quality of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and the scientific basis of authenticity of Radix Angelicae Sinensis.Methods The amounts of ferulic acid,ligustilide and total polysaccharide in Radix Angelicae Sinensis cultivated in Gansu,Yunnan, Sichuan,Shanxi provinces were determined by HPLC and UV spectrophotometry.Results Radix Angelicae Sinensis cultivated in Gansu province possesses the highest contents of ferulic acid,ligustilide and total polysaccharide among that from four regions.Conclusion The quality of Radix Angelicae Sinensis cultivated in Gansu province is better than that from other regions.It is reasonable to regard Radix Angelicae Sinensis cultivated in Gansu province as authentic medical herbs.
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The extracted and purified ferulic acid residue from Radix angelicae sinensis was quantified by an established HPLC system composed of the following conditions: reversed phase column C-18 Purosphere 4.6mm 1D x 250 mm (5mm); mobile phase: acetonitrile/potassium dihydrophosphate 10 mM/L (15/85); pH: 4.5; flow rate: 1.2 mL/min; column temperature: 30oC. The results showed that the method can meet the following criteria: Rs > 1.5, RSD 1 000, Tf in the range 0.8-1.2
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Coumaric Acids , Pharmaceutical PreparationsABSTRACT
To compare the chemical components and their contents of essential oil extracted from Radix Angelicae Sinensis by the methods of supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction (SFE-CO 2), normal pressure steam distillation (NPSD) and vacuum steam distillation (VSD). The combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was applied to analyze the chemical components and their contents of essential oil extracted from Radix Angelicae Sinensis.The chemical components and their contents of essential oil extracted by the above three methods were different.[Conclusion]SFE-CO 2 is superior to VSD and NPSD in raising yield and shortening extractive time. It is a good method for the extraction of essential oils from Radix Angelicae Sinensis.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Ruheneixiao soft capsules.METHODS:Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Spica Prunellae were identified using TLC.The content of Paeoniflorin in Ruheneixiao Soft Capsules was determined with HPLC.HPLC analytical method was carried out using a C18 column and a mixture containing 13 volume of acetonitrile and 87 volume of water as the mobile phase.The detection wavelength was set at 230nm.RESULTS:Spots obtained from the test solutions had the same color in reference solution and medical material in the same location,and the blank solution had no interference.The linear range of Paeoniflorin was from 5.1 to 40.8mg? mL-1(r=0.997 7)and the average recovery was 98.91%(RSD=0.34%,n=5).CONCLUSIONS:The TLC method produced distinctive spots,and was highly specific for use in the determination of Ruheneixiao soft capsules.The HPLC method was simple and fast,with high accuracy and precision.The standard can be used for the quality control of the drug.
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AIM: To determine the effect of Radix Angelicae Sinensis(RAS) on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits and to explore its mechanism. METHODS: Twenty-five rabbits were divided randomly into the sham operated group(Control group), renal ischemia/reperfusion injury group(IR group) and RAS+IR group. At the time point of reperfusion 48 h after renal ischemia 1 h, the renal tissue were observed by electron-microscope and the contents of creatinine(Cr) in serum, tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?), interleukin-6(IL-6)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) in the renal tissue were measured. RESULTS: A remarkably degenerative changes in renal tissue were showed under electronmicroscope in IR group , but the changes in RAS+IR group were slight . The contents of Cr, TNF-? and IL-6 in IR group were higher than those in Control group, these parameters in RAS+IR group were lower than those in IR group, the difference between these groups was significant ( P
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Object To set up an identified standard on the level of molecule through measuring the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene in Radix Angelicae Sinensis Methods To extract DNA from the seeds of Radix Angelicae Sinensis by conventional method, and use composed peculiar primer amplify with the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene, to measure the base sequence of the amplified products Results It is proved by agar sugar gel electrophoresis that the PCR amplified products of the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene exist The base sequence of the seeds of Radix Angelicae Sinensis internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene was measured Conclusion To measure the base sequence of internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA gene is another effective method to identify the vegetal traditional Chinese medicine on the molecular level
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Objective To improve the quality standard for quality control of Baji Bushen Pills.Methods Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata and Radix Angelicae Sinensis in this medicine were identified by TLC,the 2,3,5,4’-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside content in this medicine was determined by HPLC.The acetonitril-water(18:82)solution was used as the mobile phase,the column was C18,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,and the detective wavelength was at 320 nm.Results Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata and Radix Angelicae Sinensis could be identified by TLC.2,3,5,4’-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside showed a good linear relationship at the range of 11.28 ?g/mL～282.00 ?g/mL(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 96.1 %with RSD of 0.8 %(n=6).Conclusion The method is simple,reliable,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of the preparation.
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Objective To establish a TLC method for the identification of herbal medicines in Fuke Zhixue Granules.Methods Fructus Gardeniae,Radix Scutellariae,Flos Sophorae,Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Cortex Moutan were identified by TLC.Results Under the selected condition,clear and distinguishable spots were detectable and the separating result was satisfactory.Conclusion The methods are proved to be simple and specialized with a good reproductivity and can be used as one of the quality control for the preparation.
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AIM: To investigate the contraction effect of essential oil of Radix Angelicae Sinensis on isolated uterus in rats. METHODS: Isolated uterine strips of rats were used to observe the reactions in the presence of oxytocine and high k + depolarization solution. RESULTS: The isolated rat uterus contraction induced by oxytocin and Ca 2+ after high K + depolarization was dose dependently inhibited by the essential oil. The cumulative dose response curves of CaCl 2 shifted to right and the maximal responses were depressed. This showed that the essential oil was a non competitive antagonist. The extracellular and intracellular Ca 2+ dependent contraction evoked by oxytocin could also be inhibited by the essential oil. CONCLUSION: The essential oil of Radix Angelicae Sinensis could inhibit the contractility of the isolated uteri, and it might act as an Ca 2+ antagonist to relax the isolated rat uterus.
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AIM:To establish the quality standard for Tongbianling Capsule(Folium Sennae,Radix Angelicae sinensis,Herba Cistanches). METHODS: Folium Sennae,Radix Angelicae sinensis of Tongbianling Capsuls were identified by TLC.Cisttanoside and echinacoside were determined by HPLC together.The HPLC system consisted of shim-pack c_(18) column(4.6 mm?150 mm,5 ?m),acotonitrile-methanol-0.2% pure phosphoric water solution(7∶10∶83) mixture as mobile phase,flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength at 334 nm. RESULTS: The TLC method was suitable for the identification of salidroside and ptyrosol with good reproducibility.The quantitative evaluation of cistanoside had the linear range of 0.114 9-2.298 ?g,the average recovery was 98.2%(RSD=1.70%,n=6).The quantitative evaluation of echinacoside had the linear range of 0.147 9-2.958 ?g,the average recovery was 96.8%(RSD=1.53%,n=6). CONCLUSION: The TLC and HPLC method is found to have good stability and reproducibility for Tongbianling Capsule.
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AIM To establish the quality standard for Suzi Jiangqi Pills (Fructus Perillae,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Glycyrrhieae,etc.) METHODS TLC was performed to identify Radix angelicae sinensis and Radix et Rhizocua Glycyrrhizae.HPLC was used to determine hespiridin content. RESULTS The study on the quality control showed that the characteristic of identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific.The quantification method had the linearity range of 0.32-1.60 ?g.The average recovery was 98.94 % TBZ# and RSD was 1.05 % . CONCLUSION The methods of identification and quantification are simple,realizable and reproducible.It can be used effectively for the quality control of Suzi Jiangqi Pills.
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AIM: To establish quality standard for Yinxie Tablets(Fructus Gardeniae, Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, etc.). METHODS: Fructus Gardeniae, Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis were identified by TLC, and the content of geniposide was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Fructus Gardeniae, Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis could be identified by TLC. The calibration curve of geniposide was linear (r=0.999 5). The precision was perfect (RSD=0.98%). The average recovery was 101.81% with RSD of ~0.54% . CONCLUSION: This method is simple, quick and specific, suitable for the quality control.